Teen Dustoor

No person shall be deprived of life or liberty save in accordance with law.

No corresponding principle in the original text.

No person shall be deprived of life or liberty save in accordance with law.

A person arrested must be informed of the grounds for arrest, allowed access to a legal practitioner of choice, and produced before a magistrate within 24 hours; preventive detention beyond three months requires review by an Advisory Board.

Equivalent safeguards on informing the arrested person, production before a magistrate within 24 hours, and review of preventive detention beyond three months by a Board including a serving judge.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

Substantially the same safeguards as 1956 and 1962, with review of preventive detention resting with a Review Board.

No express, standalone right to a fair trial or due process.

No express, standalone right to a fair trial or due process.

For the determination of his civil rights and obligations or in any criminal charge against him a person shall be entitled to a fair trial and due process.

Inserted by the 18th Amendment, 2010, not part of the 1973 text as originally enacted.

No person shall be held in slavery. All forms of forced labour are prohibited, but the State may require compulsory service for public purposes.

No law should permit forced labour in any form, and no law should permit or facilitate the introduction of slavery, subject to departure for punishment of offences and compulsory public service.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

Slavery is non-existent and forbidden. All forms of forced labour and traffic in human beings are prohibited, subject to exceptions for punishment of offences and compulsory national or public service.

No person shall be punished for an act which was not punishable by law when the act was done, nor subjected to a punishment greater than that prescribed by law at the time.

No law should authorise punishment for an act not punishable at the time, or a penalty greater than that prescribed at the time of the offence.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

No law shall authorize the punishment of a person for an act or omission not punishable by law at the time, nor a penalty greater than or different in kind from that prescribed at the time.

No corresponding provision located.

No corresponding principle in the original text.

No person shall be prosecuted or punished for the same offence more than once, or compelled to be a witness against himself.

No corresponding provision located.

No corresponding principle in the original text.

The dignity of man and, subject to law, the privacy of home, shall be inviolable.

Every citizen shall have the right to move freely throughout Pakistan and to reside and settle in any part thereof.

No law should impose any restriction on the freedom of a citizen to move throughout Pakistan or to reside or settle in any part of it.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

Every citizen shall have the right to remain in, and, subject to reasonable restriction in the public interest, enter and move freely throughout Pakistan and to reside and settle in any part thereof.

Every citizen shall have the right to assemble peacefully and without arms, subject to reasonable restrictions in the interest of public order.

No law should impose any restriction on the freedom of citizens to assemble peacefully and without arms, or to form associations or unions.

Assembly and association are combined in a single principle rather than treated separately.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

Every citizen shall have the right to assemble peacefully and without arms, subject to reasonable restrictions in the interest of public order.

Every citizen shall have the right to form associations or unions, subject to reasonable restrictions in the interest of morality or public order.

No law should impose any restriction on the freedom of citizens to assemble peacefully and without arms, or to form associations or unions.

Assembly and association are combined in a single principle rather than treated separately.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

Every citizen shall have the right to form associations or unions, subject to reasonable restrictions in the interest of sovereignty, integrity, public order or morality. Clause (2) separately guarantees the right to form or join a political party.

The explicit political party protection in clause (2) has no equivalent in 1956 or 1962.

Every citizen, subject to prescribed qualifications, shall have the right to enter upon any lawful profession or occupation and to conduct any lawful trade or business.

No law should impose any restriction on the freedom of a citizen to engage in any profession, trade, business, occupation or employment, or otherwise follow the vocation of his choice.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

Subject to such qualifications as may be prescribed by law, every citizen shall have the right to enter upon any lawful profession or occupation and to conduct any lawful trade or business.

Every citizen shall have the right to freedom of speech and expression, subject to reasonable restrictions in the interest of security, foreign relations, public order, decency, morality, contempt of court, defamation, or incitement to an offence.

No law should impose any restriction on the freedom of a citizen to give expression to his thoughts.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

Every citizen shall have the right to freedom of speech and expression, and freedom of the press, subject to reasonable restrictions including in the interest of the glory of Islam, integrity, security, or defence of Pakistan.

The explicit reference to the press, and to the glory of Islam as a restriction ground, are additions not present in 1956.

No corresponding right located.

No corresponding principle in the original text.

Every citizen shall have the right to have access to information in all matters of public importance, subject to regulation and reasonable restrictions imposed by law.

Inserted by the 18th Amendment, 2010.

Subject to law, public order and morality, every citizen has the right to profess, practise and propagate any religion.

No law should prevent members of a religious community or denomination from professing, practicing, propagating, or providing instruction in, their religion, or from conducting religious institutions.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

Subject to law, public order and morality, every citizen shall have the right to profess, practise and propagate his religion.

No person shall be compelled to pay any special tax the proceeds of which are to be spent on the propagation or maintenance of any religion other than his own.

No standalone principle located; may be implicit within the general freedom of religion principle.

No person shall be compelled to pay any special tax the proceeds of which are to be spent on the propagation or maintenance of any religion other than his own.

No person attending an educational institution shall be required to receive religious instruction, or take part in religious ceremony or worship, relating to a religion other than his own.

No law should, on the ground of race, religion, caste or place of birth, deprive a citizen of the right to attend a publicly-aided educational institution.

Addresses access rather than compulsory religious instruction specifically; not a precise match.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

Substantially the same protection as 1956, extended to non-discrimination in admission to aided educational institutions.

Every citizen shall have the right to acquire, hold and dispose of property.

No law should impose any restriction on the freedom of a citizen to acquire, hold or dispose of property in any part of Pakistan.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

Every citizen shall have the right to acquire, hold and dispose of property in any part of Pakistan, subject to the Constitution and reasonable restrictions in the public interest.

No person shall be deprived of his property save in accordance with law, including provisions for compulsory acquisition or requisitioning.

Regulation of Compulsory Acquisition of Property, governing the terms under which the State may compulsorily acquire property.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

No person shall be deprived of his property save in accordance with law, with provisions governing compulsory acquisition and compensation.

All citizens are equal before law and are entitled to equal protection of law.

All citizens should be equal before the law, be entitled to equal protection of the law and be treated alike in all respects.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

All citizens are equal before law and are entitled to equal protection of law.

No corresponding right located.

No corresponding principle in the original text.

The State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of five to sixteen years in such manner as may be determined by law.

Inserted by the 18th Amendment, 2010.

In respect of access to places of public entertainment or resort, not intended for religious purposes only, there shall be no discrimination on the ground only of race, religion, caste, sex, or place of birth.

No law should deny to any person access to a public place, other than one intended solely for religious purposes, on the ground of race, religion, caste or place of birth.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

Substantially the same protection as 1956, with residence added as a prohibited ground of discrimination.

No citizen otherwise qualified shall be discriminated against in respect of appointment in the service of Pakistan on the ground only of race, religion, caste, sex, residence or place of birth.

No standalone principle located.

Substantially the same protection as 1956, with provision for reserving posts by sex where the nature of the service requires it.

Any section of citizens having a distinct language, script or culture shall have the right to preserve the same.

No law should prevent any section of the community from having a distinct language, script or culture of its own.

Original 1962 Constitution included non-justiciable Principles of Lawmaking instead of Fundamental Rights. However, the same were later renamed as Fundamental Rights through the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1964.

Any section of citizens having a distinct language, script or culture shall have the right to preserve and promote the same, and, subject to law, establish institutions for that purpose.

The explicit right to establish institutions has no direct equivalent in 1956 or 1962.